Transforming pedagogy with AI tools : impacts, challenges, and opportunities in higher education

Abstract

Traditional pedagogy positions teachers as the primary source of knowledge, with educators providing academic guidance on English oral presentations—including both content and paralinguistic features—across university disciplines. However, subject-matter instructors often lack expertise in English language delivery, while large class sizes prevent the provision of timely individual feedback. Advances in technology enable a pedagogical shift to fill this gap. Rather than waiting for teacher feedback, students can leverage AI for immediate learning support. However, AI has limitations regarding nuanced aspects of performance. To complement AI feedback, we implemented NinjOrAItor—an AI platform for English oral presentations featuring hybrid intelligence that combines self- and peer-assessment. This hybrid intelligence pedagogy integrates AI capabilities with human insight. The platform addresses key challenges: teacher expertise limitations, scalability issues in large classes, and the need for timely feedback. By integrating AI assessment with structured human intelligence, NinjOrAItor demonstrated improved student presentation performance while maintaining pedagogical quality.