Highly adhesive liquid metal interface-enabled stretchable bioelectronics with enhanced radiative cooling for wound management

Abstract

Liquid metal (LM) bioelectronics are widely used in wearable devices and healthcare monitoring. However, engineering bioelectronics simultaneously exhibiting high stretchability, thermal management, and sufficient biocompatibility remains challenging. Here, a bioelectronic device containing an electrospun fiber mat embedded with LM-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite and a passive radiative cooling (PRC) layer is shown to harvest the abovementioned properties. With the help of abundant dynamic hydrogen bonds, the PRC layer shows high adhesion energy of 71.2 J m−2 to the fiber mat, which provides the device with an enhanced radiative cooling performance, with a reduced Joule heat temperature of 17.1 °C under the applied voltage of 2.0 V. When stretched to 100% strain, their performance shows negligible change compared to the original state. The as-prepared devices also exhibit outstanding conductivity (1661.7 S cm−1), antimicrobial properties, high air permeability (111.4 mm s−1), and moisture permeability (4102.5 g m−2 day−1). With all these features, a skin-interfaced wound management e-patch is constructed, demonstrating high efficiency for accelerating wound healing under sunlight.