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Title: | Production of Paralytic Shellfish Toxins (PSTs) in toxic alexandrium catenella is intertwined with photosynthesis and energy production | Authors: | Tse, SPK Lee, FWF Mak, DYL Kong, HK Chan, KKY Lo, PY Lo, SCL |
Issue Date: | 2020 | Source: | Toxins, 2020, v. 12, no. 8, 477 | Abstract: | To investigate the mechanism for the production of paralytic shellfish toxins (PST) in toxic dinoflagellates, with a 2D-gel based approach, we had made two sets of proteomic comparisons: (a) between a toxic Alexandrium catenella (AC-T) and a phylogenetically closely related non-toxic strain (AC-N), (b) between toxic AC-T grown in a medium with 10% normal amount of phosphate (AC-T-10%P) known to induce higher toxicity and AC-T grown in normal medium. We found that photosynthesis and energy production related proteins were up-regulated in AC-T when compared to AC-N. However, the same group of proteins was down-regulated in AC-T-10%P when compared to normal AC-T. Examining the relationship of photosynthesis and toxin content of AC-T upon continuous photoperiod experiment revealed that while growth and associated toxin content increased after 8 days of continuous light, toxin content maintained constant when cells were shifted from continuous light to continuous dark for 3 days. This emphasized the cruciality of light availability on toxin biosynthesis in AC-T, while another light-independent mechanism may be responsible for higher toxicity in AC-T-10%P compared to normal AC-T. Taken all together, it is believed that the interplay between “illumination”, “photosynthesis”, “phosphate availability”, and “toxin production” is much more complicated than what we had previously anticipated. | Keywords: | Alexandrium catenella Light availability Paralytic shellfish toxins Phosphate limitation Proteomics PSTs |
Publisher: | Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI) | Journal: | Toxins | EISSN: | 2072-6651 | DOI: | 10.3390/toxins12080477 | Rights: | © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The following publication Tse S -K, Lee F -F, Mak D -L, Kong H-K, Chan K -Y, Lo P-Y, Lo S -L. Production of Paralytic Shellfish Toxins (PSTs) in Toxic Alexandrium catenella is Intertwined with Photosynthesis and Energy Production. Toxins. 2020; 12(8):477, is available at https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins12080477 |
Appears in Collections: | Journal/Magazine Article |
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