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Title: Azimuth-elevation direction finding using a microphone and three orthogonal velocity sensors as a non-collocated subarray
Authors: Song, Y
Wong, KT 
Issue Date: Apr-2013
Source: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Apr. 2013, v. 133, no. 4, p. 1987-1995
Abstract: An acoustic vector-sensor consists of three identical but orthogonally oriented acoustic particle-velocity sensors, plus a pressure sensor—all spatially collocated in a point-like geometry. At any point in space, this tri-axial acoustic vector-sensor can sample an acoustic wavefield as a 3 × 1 vector, instead of simply as a scalar of pressure. This vector, after proper self-normalization, would indicate the incident wave-field's propagation direction, and thus the incident emitter's azimuth-elevation direction-of-arrival. This “self-normalization” direction-of-arrival estimator is predicated on the spatial-collocation among the three particle-velocity sensors and the pressure-sensor. This collocation constriction is relaxed here by this presently proposed idea, to realize a spatially distributed acoustic vector-sensor, allowing its four component-sensors to be separately located. This proposed scheme not only retains the algorithmic advantages of the aforementioned “self-normalization” direction-of-arrival estimator, but also will significantly extend the spatial aperture to improve the direction-finding accuracy by orders of magnitude.
Keywords: Cerenkov counters
Direction of arrival
Vector spaces
Vectors
Velocity control
Publisher: Acoustical Society of America
Journal: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 
ISSN: 0001-4966
EISSN: 1520-8524
DOI: 10.1121/1.4792149
Rights: Copyright 2013 Acoustical Society of America. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the Acoustical Society of America.
The following article appeared in Song, Y., & Wong, K. T. (2013). Azimuth-elevation direction finding using a microphone and three orthogonal velocity sensors as a non-collocated subarray. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 133(4), 1987-1995 and may be found at http://scitation.aip.org/content/asa/journal/jasa/133/4/10.1121/1.4792149.
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