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Title: Bio-inspired adhesive hydrogel for biomedicine—principles and design strategies
Authors: Li, W 
Yang, X
Lai, P 
Shang, L
Issue Date: Dec-2022
Source: Smart medicine, Dec. 2022, v. 1, no. 1, e20220024
Abstract: The adhesiveness of hydrogels is urgently required in various biomedical applications such as medical patches, tissue sealants, and flexible electronic devices. However, biological tissues are often wet, soft, movable, and easily damaged. These features pose difficulties for the construction of adhesive hydrogels for medical use. In nature, organisms adhere to unique strategies, such as reversible sucker adhesion in octopuses and nontoxic and firm catechol chemistry in mussels, which provide many inspirations for medical hydrogels to overcome the above challenges. In this review, we systematically classify bioadhesion strategies into structure-related and molecular-related ones, which cover almost all known bioadhesion paradigms. We outline the principles of these strategies and summarize the corresponding designs of medical adhesive hydrogels inspired by them. Finally, conclusions and perspectives concerning the development of this field are provided. For the booming bio-inspired adhesive hydrogels, this review aims to summarize and analyze the various existing theories and provide systematic guidance for future research from an innovative perspective.
Keywords: Adhesion
Bio‐inspired
Biomaterial
Biomedical
Hydrogel
Interface
Publisher: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA
Journal: Smart medicine 
ISSN: 2751-1863
EISSN: 2751-1871
DOI: 10.1002/SMMD.20220024
Rights: © 2022 The Authors. Smart Medicine published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH on behalf of Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The following publication Li, W., Yang, X., Lai, P., & Shang, L. (2022). Bio‐inspired adhesive hydrogel for biomedicine—principles and design strategies. Smart Medicine, 1(1), e20220024 is available at https://doi.org/10.1002/SMMD.20220024.
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