Research methods for L2 learners with special needs

Abstract

This chapter examines methodological approaches for studying children who are exposed to multiple languages and have special needs. Written through the lens of speech-language pathology professionals, the discussion centers on developmental language disorder and autism spectrum disorder. The chapter first summarizes common research questions in the study of these populations. Under each research question, the authors present relevant research methods and review the methodological standards for high-quality translational studies that aim to inform assessment and intervention practice. In the second section, the authors outline challenges and methodological implications in terms of selecting the population of interest, identifying the appropriate comparison group, and reducing potential confounds inherent in a highly heterogeneous population.