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Title: Early estimation of the case fatality rate of COVID-19 in mainland China : a data-driven analysis
Authors: Yang, S
Cao, PH
Du, PP
Wu, ZT
Zhuang, ZA 
Yang, L 
Yu, X
Zhou, Q
Feng, XX
Wang, XH
Li, WG
Liu, EM
Chen, J
Chen, YL
He, DH 
Issue Date: 2020
Source: Annals of translational medicine, 2020, v. 8, no. 4, 128
Abstract: Background: An ongoing outbreak of pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2], named COVID-19, hit a major city of China, Wuhan in December 2019 and subsequently spread to other provinces/regions of China and overseas. Several studies have been done to estimate the basic reproduction number in the early phase of this outbreak, yet there are no reliable estimates of case fatality rate (CFR) for COVID-19 to date.
Methods: In this study, we used a purely data-driven statistical method to estimate the CFR in the early phase of the COVID-19 outbreak. Daily numbers of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths were collected from January 10 to February 3, 2020 and divided into three dusters: Wuhan city, other cities of Hubei province, and other provinces of mainland China. Simple linear regression model was applied to estimate the CFR from each cluster.
Results: We estimated that CFR during the first weeks of the epidemic ranges from 0.15% (95% CI: 0.12-0.18%) in mainland China excluding Hubei through 1.41% (95% CI: 1.38-1.45%) in Hubei province excluding the city of Wuhan to 5.25% (95% CI: 4.98-5.51%) in Wuhan.
Conclusions: Our early estimates suggest that the CFR of COVID-19 is lower than the previous coronavirus epidemics caused by SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV).
Keywords: 2019 novel coronavirus
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)
COVID-19
Case fatality rate (CFR)
Publisher: AME Publishing Company
ISSN: 2305-5839
EISSN: 2305-5847
DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.02.66
Rights: © Annals of Translational Medicine. All rights reserved.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
The following publication Yang S, Cao P, Du P, Wu Z, Zhuang Z, Yang L, Yu X, Zhou Q, Feng X, Wang X, Li W, Liu E, Chen J, Chen Y, He D; on behalf of COVID-19 evidence and recommendations working group. Early estimation of the case fatality rate of COVID-19 in mainland China: a data-driven analysis. Ann Transl Med 2020;8(4):128. is available at https://dx.doi.org/10.21037/atm.2020.02.66
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