Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10397/5791
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dc.contributorSchool of Nursing-
dc.creatorYuen, WM-
dc.creatorGohel, MDI-
dc.creatorNg, CF-
dc.date.accessioned2014-12-11T08:23:08Z-
dc.date.available2014-12-11T08:23:08Z-
dc.identifier.issn1741-427X-
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10397/5791-
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherHindawi Publishing Corporationen_US
dc.rightsCopyright © 2012 JohnWai-man Yuen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.en_US
dc.subjectSuperficial bladder-canceren_US
dc.subjectApoptosis-inducing liganden_US
dc.subjectTumor-necrosis-factoren_US
dc.subjectUroepithelial cellsen_US
dc.subjectIn-vitroen_US
dc.subjectIntravesical immunotherapyen_US
dc.subjectAntitumor activitiesen_US
dc.subjectBCG immunotherapyen_US
dc.subjectCarcinomaen_US
dc.subjectInductionen_US
dc.titleSynergistic cytotoxic effects of ganoderma lucidum and bacillus calmette guérin on premalignant urothelial HUC-PC cells and its regulation on proinflammatory cytokine secretionen_US
dc.typeJournal/Magazine Articleen_US
dc.description.otherinformationAuthor name used in this publication: John Wai-man Yuenen_US
dc.description.otherinformationAuthor name used in this publication: Mayur-Danny I. Gohelen_US
dc.identifier.spage1-
dc.identifier.epage9-
dc.identifier.volume2012-
dc.identifier.doi10.1155/2012/147896-
dcterms.abstractBacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is conventionally used as an adjuvant immunotherapy to reduce the recurrence of bladder cancer. To address the issues of efficacy and safety, an ethanol extract of Ganoderma lucidum (GLe) was evaluated for its interaction with BCG. In a model of premalignant human uroepithelial cells (HUC-PC), GLe exerted immediate cytotoxic effects while BCG showed a delayed response, given that both were immunological active in inducing the secretion of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1). Synergistic cytotoxic effects were observed when cells were either coincubated with both drugs or firstly preincubated with GLe. Synergismbetween GLe and BCG was demonstrated to achieve a complete cytostasis in 24 hours, and such effects were progressed in the subsequent 5 days. However, the pretreatment of GLe resulted in suppression of IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1 secretions without affecting the cytotoxicity. Given that numerous proinflammatory cytokines are associated with the high side effects toll of BCG, results herein suggested the potential implications of GL to supplement the BCG immunotherapy in bladder cancer, for better efficacy and reducing side effects.-
dcterms.accessRightsopen accessen_US
dcterms.bibliographicCitationEvidence-based complementary and alternative medicine, 2012, v.2012, 147896, p. [1-9]-
dcterms.isPartOfEvidence-based complementary and alternative medicine-
dcterms.issued2012-
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000308467400001-
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-84866119607-
dc.identifier.pmid22969822-
dc.identifier.eissn1741-4288-
dc.identifier.rosgroupidr65260-
dc.description.ros2012-2013 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journal-
dc.description.oaVersion of Recorden_US
dc.identifier.FolderNumberOA_IR/PIRAen_US
dc.description.pubStatusPublisheden_US
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