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http://hdl.handle.net/10397/5595
Title: | Spatial and seasonal distributions of carbonaceous aerosols over China | Authors: | Cao, JJ Lee, SC Chow, JC Watson, JG Ho, KF Zhang, RJ Jin, ZD Shen, ZX Chen, GC Kang, YM Zou, SC Zhang, LZ Qi, SH Dai, MH Cheng, Y Hu, K |
Issue Date: | Nov-2007 | Source: | Journal of geophysical research. Atmospheres, Nov. 2007, v. 112, no. D22, D22S11, p.1-9 | Abstract: | Simultaneous measurements of atmospheric organic and elemental carbon (OC and EC) were taken during winter and summer seasons at 2003 in 14 cities in China. Daily PM₂.₅ samples were analyzed for OC and EC by the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) thermal/optical reflectance protocol. Average PM₂.₅ OC concentrations in the 14 cities were 38.1 μg m⁻³ and 13.8 μg m⁻³ for winter and summer periods, and the corresponding EC were 9.9 μg m⁻³ and 3.6 μg m⁻³, respectively. OC and EC concentrations had summer minima and winter maxima in all the cities. Carbonaceous matter (CM), the sum of organic matter (OM = 1.6 × OC) and EC, contributed 44.2% to PM₂.₅ in winter and 38.8% in summer. OC was correlated with EC (R²: 0.56–0.99) in winter, but correlation coefficients were lower in summer (R²: 0.003–0.90). Using OC/EC enrichment factors, the primary OC, secondary OC and EC accounted for 47.5%, 31.7% and 20.8%, respectively, of total carbon in Chinese urban environments. More than two thirds of China's urban carbon is derived from directly emitted particles. Average OC/EC ratios ranged from 2.0 to 4.7 among 14 cities during winter and from 2.1 to 5.9 during summer. OC/EC ratios in this study were consistent with a possible cooling effect of carbonaceous aerosols over China. | Keywords: | Aerosol Aerosol composition Organic carbon Seasonal variation Spatial distribution |
Publisher: | Wiley-Blackwell | Journal: | Journal of geophysical research. Atmospheres | ISSN: | 2169-897X | EISSN: | 2169-8996 | DOI: | 10.1029/2006JD008205 | Rights: | Copyright 2007 by the American Geophysical Union |
Appears in Collections: | Journal/Magazine Article |
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Cao_Spatial_Seasonal_Carbonaceous.pdf | 221.59 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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