Design and control of wireless electric vehicle direct charging for multistorey car parks

Abstract

The popularization of electric vehicles (EVs) will bring a sustainable green-tech revolution to the world at large. Multistorey car parks (MCPs) will be one of the most potential solutions to advance transportation and urbanization toward electrification, connection, and intelligence, promoting the approach of carbon neutrality and sustainable development goals. Wireless charging technologies link the EVs and MCPs to interact with the power grid and renewable energy networks. Societal expectations of low carbon footprint and high space utilization will make requests for higher energy efficiency and higher power density of EV wireless chargers. Therefore, wireless direct charging (WDC) technology is developed to occupy less space and improve power conversion efficiency, thus conforming to societal expectations, especially for the MCPs in urban areas. Technically, a one-stage WDC is artfully devised to avoid the need for two-stage lossy power conversion during EV wireless charging. On top of the WDC topology, transmitter-end power control incorporated with new pulse frequency modulation (PFM) is proposed for automatic EV wireless charging. This control method can also be readily extended to bilateral power control using PFM for EV bidirectional charging, enabling wireless energy routing in the MCPs and wireless energy trading among EVs. Finally, theoretical analysis and computational simulation are given to verify the feasibility of the proposed WDC in urban MCPs.