Back skin deformation during anaerobic exercises for ergonomics application

Abstract

Among the muscle groups, the back has numerous muscles and is a challenging to train, therefore, there is an urgent need to study the skin deformation of the human back during anaerobic training. The purpose of this study is to propose a muscularbased superficial skin deformation method to visualise the deformation of the human back during resistance training, thus providing a reference for the back design of gym wear and wearable devices. In this study, eight regularly trained males were instructed to perform three back training exercises: seated pull-down, standing pull-down and seated row. Their backs were marked points of three cm intervals according to the surface division of two major muscles: the trapezius and the latissimus dorsi. The statistics on skin measurements of preparation and completion of the exercises were taken by a 3D scanner Artec Eva. The mean, maximum values and standard deviation of the data were calculated and analysed according to muscle morphology and fibre bundle orientation. The skin deformation characteristics during back anaerobic training were proposed and regional analysis based on muscle morphology and kinesiology was performed. These zoning values can be used as a reference for intelligent monitoring, so that the design of sensing accessories can be better matched. The visual mapping of results offered guidance for the cutting lines of tight fitness apparel prototype and the back structural design of sportswear, applying the deformation characteristics of anaerobic exercise to improve dynamic comfort.