Generation of generalized perfect optical vortices (GPOVs) with controllable shapes through a multimode fiber

Abstract

Generalized perfect optical vortices (GPOVs) with controllable shapes have attracted much attention recently due to their distinctive features and potentials towards broad range of applications. However, when GPOVs transmit through a multimode fiber (MMF), speckles are generated due to mode dispersion and superposition in the MMF, which limits the applications of GPOVs in MMFs. In this study, we proposed a transmission matrix-based point spread function (TM-PSF) engineering method combined with the free lens strategy to generate GPOVs of different shapes, sizes, and topological charges (TCs) at the distal end of a MMF. An off-axis holography method is applied during the measurement of the transmission matrix (TM) to further ensure the quality of the generated GPOVs. With further refinement, the proposed method is expected to empower high-capacity orbital angular momentum-multiplexing optical communications through MMFs and enhance the flexibility and efficiency of fiber-based optical manipulation through MMFs.