Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10397/107489
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dc.contributorSchool of Optometryen_US
dc.contributorResearch Centre for SHARP Visionen_US
dc.creatorWu, Yen_US
dc.creatorKeel, Sen_US
dc.creatorCarneiro, VLAen_US
dc.creatorZhang, Sen_US
dc.creatorWang, Wen_US
dc.creatorLiu, Cen_US
dc.creatorTang, Xen_US
dc.creatorHan, Xen_US
dc.creatorHe, Men_US
dc.date.accessioned2024-06-27T01:33:48Z-
dc.date.available2024-06-27T01:33:48Z-
dc.identifier.issn0007-1161en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10397/107489-
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherBMJ Groupen_US
dc.rights© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. No commercial re- use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.en_US
dc.rightsThis article has been accepted for publication in British Journal of Ophthalmology, 2024 following peer review, and the Version of Record can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo-2023-324913.en_US
dc.subjectLow vision aiden_US
dc.subjectPublic healthen_US
dc.subjectSurveys and Questionnairesen_US
dc.subjectVisionen_US
dc.titleReal-world application of a smartphone-based visual acuity test (WHOeyes) with automatic distance calibrationen_US
dc.typeJournal/Magazine Articleen_US
dc.identifier.spage1613en_US
dc.identifier.epage1620en_US
dc.identifier.volume108en_US
dc.identifier.issue11en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1136/bjo-2023-324913en_US
dcterms.abstractBackground: To develop and assess the usability of a smartphone-based visual acuity (VA) test with an automatic distance calibration (ADC) function, the iOS version of WHOeyes.en_US
dcterms.abstractMethods: The WHOeyes was an upgraded version with a distinct feature of ADC of an existing validated VA testing app called V@home. Three groups of Chinese participants with different ages (≤20, 20–40, >40 years) were recruited for distance and near VA testing using both an Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) chart and the WHOeyes. The ADC function would determine the testing distance. Infrared rangefinder was used to determine the testing distance for the ETDRS, and actual testing distance for the WHOeyes. A questionnaire-based interview was administered to assess the satisfaction.en_US
dcterms.abstractResults: The actual testing distance determined by the WHOeyes ADC showed an overall good agreement with the desired testing distance in all three age groups (p>0.50). Regarding the distance and near VA testing, the accuracy of WHOeyes was equivalent to ETDRS. The mean difference between the WHOeyes and ETDRS ranged from −0.084 to 0.012 logMAR, and the quadratic weighted kappa (QWK) values were >0.75 across all groups. The test–retest reliability of WHOeyes was high for both near and distance VA, with a mean difference ranging from −0.040 to 0.004 logMAR and QWK all >0.85. The questionnaire revealed an excellent user experience and acceptance of WHOeyes.en_US
dcterms.abstractConclusions: WHOeyes could provide accurate measurement of the testing distance as well as the distance and near VA when compared to the gold standard ETDRS chart.en_US
dcterms.accessRightsopen accessen_US
dcterms.bibliographicCitationBritish journal of ophthalmology, Nov. 2024, v. 108, no. 11, p. 1613-1620en_US
dcterms.isPartOfBritish journal of ophthalmologyen_US
dcterms.issued2024-11-
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85189891371-
dc.identifier.eissn1468-2079en_US
dc.description.validate202406 bcchen_US
dc.description.oaAccepted Manuscripten_US
dc.identifier.FolderNumbera2894-
dc.identifier.SubFormID48665-
dc.description.fundingSourceOthersen_US
dc.description.fundingTextGlobal STEM Professorship Scheme; National Natural Science Foundation of Chinaen_US
dc.description.pubStatusPublisheden_US
dc.description.oaCategoryGreen (AAM)en_US
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