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Title: An optical window into brain function in children and adolescents : a systematic review of functional near-infrared spectroscopy studies
Authors: Yeung, MK 
Issue Date: Feb-2021
Source: NeuroImage, 15 Feb. 2021, v. 227, 117672
Abstract: Despite decades of research, our understanding of functional brain development throughout childhood and adolescence remains limited due to the challenges posed by certain neuroimaging modalities. Recently, there has been a growing interest in using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to elucidate the neural basis of cognitive and socioemotional development and identify the factors shaping these types of development. This article, focusing on the fNIRS methods, presents an up-to-date systematic review of fNIRS studies addressing the effects of age and other factors on brain functions in children and adolescents. Literature searches were conducted using PubMed and PsycINFO. A total of 79 fNIRS studies involving healthy individuals aged 3–17 years that were published in peer-reviewed journals in English before July 2020 were included. Six methodological aspects of these studies were evaluated, including the research design, experimental paradigm, fNIRS measurement, data preprocessing, statistical analysis, and result presentation. The risk of bias, such as selective outcome reporting, was assessed throughout the review. A qualitative synthesis of study findings in terms of the factor effects on changes in oxyhemoglobin concentration was also performed. This unregistered review highlights the strengths and limitations of the existing literature and suggests directions for future research to facilitate the improved use of fNIRS in developmental cognitive neuroscience research.
Keywords: Children
Development
Frontal lobe
Near-infrared spectroscopy
Neuroimaging
Publisher: Academic Press
Journal: NeuroImage 
ISSN: 1053-8119
EISSN: 1095-9572
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117672
Rights: © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
The following publication Yeung, M. K. (2021). An optical window into brain function in children and adolescents: A systematic review of functional near-infrared spectroscopy studies. NeuroImage, 227, 117672 is available at https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117672.
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