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Title: Structural transformation and ferroelectromagnetic behavior in single-phase Bi[sub 1-x]Nd[sub x]FeO₃multiferroic ceramics
Authors: Yuan, GL
Or, DSW 
Liu, J
Liu, ZG
Issue Date: 31-Jul-2006
Source: Applied physics letters, 31 July 2006, v. 89, no. 5, 052905, p. 1-3
Abstract: Single-phase Bi[sub 1-x]Nd[sub x]FeO₃ (BNFO[sub x]) (x = 0–0.2) multiferroic ceramics were prepared to study the effects of Nd substitution on their crystal structure and ferroelectromagnetic behavior. Rietveld refinement of x-ray diffraction data showed a continual transformation of crystal structure from the rhombohedral structure of BNFO[sub x = 0] (BiFeO₃) to a triclinic structure in BNFO[sub x = 0.05–0.15] and a pseudotetragonal structure in BNFO[sub x = 0.175–0.2]. Ferroelectromagnetic measurements revealed the existence of ferroelectricity with remnant polarization of ∼ 9 μC/cm² in BNFO[sub x = 0–0.175], paraelectricity in BNFO[sub x = 0.2], and weak ferromagnetism with remnant magnetizations of 0.07–0.227 emu/g in BNFO[sub x = 0.15–0.2]. Magnetoelectric coupling was obvious in BNFO[sub x = 0.15–0.175] near the Néel temperature of ∼ 380 °C.
Keywords: Bismuth compounds
Neodymium compounds
Multiferroics
Ferroelectric ceramics
Ferromagnetic materials
Ferroelectric transitions
Crystal structure
Magnetisation
Magnetoelectric effects
Neel temperature
Dielectric polarisation
X-ray diffraction
Publisher: American Institute of Physics
Journal: Applied physics letters 
ISSN: 0003-6951
EISSN: 1077-3118
DOI: 10.1063/1.2266992
Rights: © 2006 American Institute of Physics. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the American Institute of Physics. The following article appeared in G. L. Yuan et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 052905 (2006) and may be found at http://apl.aip.org/applab/v89/i5/p052905_s1
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