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Title: | Unlocking the reversible selenium electrode for non-aqueous and aqueous calcium-ion batteries | Authors: | Zhou, R Hou, Z Liu, Q Du, X Huang, J Zhang, B |
Issue Date: | Jun-2022 | Source: | Advanced functional materials, 24 June 2022, v. 32, no. 26, 2200929 | Abstract: | Calcium-ion batteries (CIBs) have been considered promising multivalent ion battery systems due to the natural abundance and low redox potential of calcium. The practical realization is largely hampered by the lack of reliable electrode materials. Selenium is first explored as a new conversion-type electrode for both non-aqueous and aqueous CIBs. The selenium provides a specific capacity of 476 mAh g–1 with an average voltage of 2.2 V versus Ca/Ca2+ at a current density of 50 mA g–1, offering a higher energy density than other reported cathode materials. Long-term cyclic stability at a large current density of 500 mA g–1 has been achieved in non-aqueous electrolytes through encapsulating the selenium in mesoporous carbon. The spectroscopy analysis and density functional theory calculations suggest multi-step conversion processes involving CaSe4 and Ca2Se5 polyselenides intermediates before reaching the final CaSe phase, exhibiting a distinct reaction pathway from those in other metal-Se batteries. Furthermore, the application of selenium is extended to the aqueous electrolyte after expanding the electrochemical window. A 1.1 V class aqueous CIB is demonstrated by coupling with a Cu-based Prussian blue electrode. The discovery of reversible Ca–Se chemistry opens new opportunities for emerging CIBs. | Keywords: | Aqueous electrolytes Calcium-ion batteries Conversion mechanism Non-aqueous Se electrodes |
Publisher: | Wiley-VCH | Journal: | Advanced functional materials | ISSN: | 1616-301X | EISSN: | 1616-3028 | DOI: | 10.1002/adfm.202200929 | Rights: | © 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Zhou, R., Hou, Z., Liu, Q., Du, X., Huang, J., Zhang, B., Unlocking the Reversible Selenium Electrode for Non-Aqueous and Aqueous Calcium-Ion Batteries. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2022, 32, 2200929, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202200929. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. This article may not be enhanced, enriched or otherwise transformed into a derivative work, without express permission from Wiley or by statutory rights under applicable legislation. Copyright notices must not be removed, obscured or modified. The article must be linked to Wiley’s version of record on Wiley Online Library and any embedding, framing or otherwise making available the article or pages thereof by third parties from platforms, services and websites other than Wiley Online Library must be prohibited. |
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Zhou_Unlocking_Reversible_Selenium.pdf | Pre-Published version | 1.47 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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