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Title: | Non-neuronal role of acetylcholinesterase in bone development and degeneration | Authors: | Luo, X Lauwers, M Layer, PG Wen, C |
Issue Date: | Jan-2021 | Source: | Frontiers in cell and developmental biology, Jan. 2021, v. 8, 620543 | Abstract: | Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), an enzyme catalyzing the degradation of acetylcholine, plays an important suppressive role in the cholinergic regulation by terminating the action of acetylcholine. The expression of acetylcholinesterase and other cholinergic components is not restricted to only brain and nerve tissues but can also be found in non-neuronal tissues like the immune system and bone tissue. Primary identification of these components has been achieved. However, the information about their specific functions and underlying molecular mechanisms in bone remains scattered. Here, the physiological process of bone development, homeostasis, and degeneration are introduced. Next, the cholinergic system and its expression in bone tissue is documented. Among them, special attention goes to AChE, as the structure of this enzyme suggests diverse binding affinities, enabled by a peripheral site and a catalytic site. The peripheral site supports the non-enzymatic function of AChE in non-neuronal systems. Based on recent studies, the non-neuronal roles of acetylcholinesterase, both enzymatically and non-enzymatically, in bone development, homeostasis and degeneration are summarized briefly together with potential mechanisms to support these functions. We conclude that AChE may be a potential therapeutic target for bone diseases like osteoporosis. | Keywords: | Acetylcholinesterase Bone degeneration Bone development Bone homeostasis Non-enzymatic Osteoporosis |
Publisher: | Frontiers Research Foundation | Journal: | Frontiers in cell and developmental biology | EISSN: | 2296-634X | DOI: | 10.3389/fcell.2020.620543 | Rights: | Copyright © 2021 Luo, Lauwers, Layer and Wen. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. The following publication Luo X, Lauwers M, Layer PG and Wen C (2021) Non-neuronal Role of Acetylcholinesterase in Bone Development and Degeneration. Front. Cell Dev. Biol. 8:620543 is available at https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.620543 |
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