Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10397/88454
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Title: Prototyping : the dual actions
Authors: Lee, BYH 
Issue Date: Aug-2020
Source: Cubic journal, Aug. 2020, no. 3, p. 54-73
Abstract: Reflecting upon the constructionist model "learning-bymaking," prototyping (prototype making) as a product design and research approach is well recognised for assured development of innovative concepts in individual or collaborative working environments. A prototype is typically used as a tool to support experiments or interventions and to evaluate research goals. It also facilitates participatory design and user-centred design. However, it carries both coded and tacit knowledge that we, design educators and practitioners, find problematic to explain and instruct, particularly to non-designers. This paper amalgamates and argues the characteristics of prototyping including types, formats, and principles through literature review. Reflectingupon the designer’s intentions and the dual coding cognitive learning process, the author proposes a descriptive model that illustrates the dual actions experienced by the designer which can enable study on the improvement of the prototyping process.
Keywords: Prototyping
Constructionism
Dual coding theory
Analytical-synthetic action
Publisher: Jap Sam Books
Journal: Cubic journal 
ISSN: 2589-7098
EISSN: 2589-7101
DOI: 10.31182/cubic.2020.3.024
Rights: Cubic Journal is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal. All journal content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Work may be copied, shared and distributed when authors are properly accredited; this includes outlines of any work. Amendments to the original work needs to be shown. The licensor does not in any way endorse third party views or how journal content is used by others.
The following publication Lee, B.Y.H. (2020). Prototyping: The Dual Actions. Cubic Journal, (3), 54-73 is available at https://dx.doi.org/10.31182/cubic.2020.3.024
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