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Title: Hypothalamic AMPK as a mediator of hormonal regulation of energy balance
Authors: Wang, B
Cheng, KKY 
Issue Date: 2018
Source: International journal of molecular sciences, 2018, v. 19, no. 11
Abstract: As a cellular energy sensor and regulator, adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of energy homeostasis in both the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral organs. Activation of hypothalamic AMPK maintains energy balance by inducing appetite to increase food intake and diminishing adaptive thermogenesis in adipose tissues to reduce energy expenditure in response to food deprivation. Numerous metabolic hormones, such as leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin and insulin, exert their energy regulatory effects through hypothalamic AMPK via integration with the neural circuits. Although activation of AMPK in peripheral tissues is able to promote fatty acid oxidation and insulin sensitivity, its chronic activation in the hypothalamus causes obesity by inducing hyperphagia in both humans and rodents. In this review, we discuss the role of hypothalamic AMPK in mediating hormonal regulation of feeding and adaptive thermogenesis, and summarize the diverse underlying mechanisms by which central AMPK maintains energy homeostasis.
Keywords: Adaptive thermogenesis
Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase
Adipose tissue
Beiging
Food intake
Hypothalamus
Publisher: Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
Journal: International journal of molecular sciences 
ISSN: 1661-6596
EISSN: 1422-0067
DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113552
Rights: © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
The following publication: Wang, B.; Cheng, K. .-Y. Hypothalamic AMPK as a Mediator of Hormonal Regulation of Energy Balance. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19, 3552 is available at https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19113552
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