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Title: Wavefront shaping and its application to enhance photoacoustic imaging
Authors: Yu, Z
Li, H
Lai, P 
Issue Date: Dec-2017
Source: Applied sciences, Dec. 2017, v. 7, no. 12, 1320, p. 1-17
Abstract: Since its introduction to the field in mid-1990s, photoacoustic imaging has become a fast-developing biomedical imaging modality with many promising potentials. By converting absorbed diffused light energy into not-so-diffused ultrasonic waves, the reconstruction of the ultrasonic waves from the targeted area in photoacoustic imaging leads to a high-contrast sensing of optical absorption with ultrasonic resolution in deep tissue, overcoming the optical diffusion limit from the signal detection perspective. The generation of photoacoustic signals, however, is still throttled by the attenuation of photon flux due to the strong diffusion effect of light in tissue. Recently, optical wavefront shaping has demonstrated that multiply scattered light could be manipulated so as to refocus inside a complex medium, opening up new hope to tackle the fundamental limitation. In this paper, the principle and recent development of photoacoustic imaging and optical wavefront shaping are briefly introduced. Then we describe how photoacoustic signals can be used as a guide star for in-tissue optical focusing, and how such focusing can be exploited for further enhancing photoacoustic imaging in terms of sensitivity and penetration depth. Finally, the existing challenges and further directions towards in vivo applications are discussed.
Keywords: Grueneisen effect
Iterative optimization
Noninvasive internal guide star
Optical diffusion limit
Optical scattering
Penetration depth
Photoacoustic imaging
Transmission matrix
Wavefront shaping
Publisher: Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
Journal: Applied sciences 
ISSN: 2076-3417
DOI: 10.3390/app7121320
Rights: © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
The following publication Yu, Z.; Li, H.; Lai, P. Wavefront Shaping and Its Application to Enhance Photoacoustic Imaging. Appl. Sci. 2017, 7, 1320 is available at https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app7121320
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