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Title: | Long-term O-3-precursor relationships in Hong Kong : field observation and model simulation | Authors: | Wang, Y Wang, H Guo, H Lyu, XP Cheng, HR Ling, ZH Louie, PKK Simpson, IJ Meinardi, S Blake, DR |
Issue Date: | 2017 | Source: | Atmospheric chemistry and physics, 2017, v. 17, no. 18, p. 10919-10935 | Abstract: | Over the past 10 years (2005-2014), ground-level O-3 in Hong Kong has consistently increased in all seasons except winter, despite the yearly reduction of its precursors, i.e. nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO + NO2), total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs), and carbon monoxide (CO). To explain the contradictory phenomena, an observation-based box model (OBM) coupled with CB05 mechanism was applied in order to understand the influence of both locally produced O-3 and regional transport. The simulation of locally produced O-3 showed an increasing trend in spring, a decreasing trend in autumn, and no changes in summer and winter. The O-3 increase in spring was caused by the net effect of more rapid decrease in NO titration and unchanged TVOC reactivity despite decreased TVOC mixing ratios, while the decreased local O-3 formation in autumn was mainly due to the reduction of aromatic VOC mixing ratios and the TVOC reactivity and much slower decrease in NO titration. However, the decreased in situ O-3 formation in autumn was overridden by the regional contribution, resulting in elevated O-3 observations. Furthermore, the OBM-derived relative incremental reactivity indicated that the O-3 formation was VOC-limited in all seasons, and that the long-term O-3 formation was more sensitive to VOCs and less to NOx and CO in the past 10 years. In addition, the OBM results found that the contributions of aromatics to O-3 formation decreased in all seasons of these years, particularly in autumn, probably due to the effective control of solvent-related sources. In contrast, the contributions of alkenes increased, suggesting a continuing need to reduce traffic emissions. The findings provide updated information on photochemical pollution and its impact in Hong Kong. | Publisher: | Copernicus GmbH | Journal: | Atmospheric chemistry and physics | ISSN: | 1680-7316 | EISSN: | 1680-7324 | DOI: | 10.5194/acp-17-10919-2017 | Rights: | © Author(s) 2017. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
3.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The following publication: Wang, Y., Wang, H., Guo, H., Lyu, X., Cheng, H., Ling, Z., Louie, P. K. K., Simpson, I. J., Meinardi, S., and Blake, D. R.: Long-term O3–precursor relationships in Hong Kong: field observation and model simulation, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 10919-10935 is available at https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-10919-2017, 2017. |
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