基于GPS基准网的GPS快速静态定位及动态定位方法

Abstract

介绍基于GPS基准网进行GPS快速静态定位和动态定位的原理和方法。通过计算基准网改正数及其空间分布 ,利用内插方法求出用户站的模型误差改正数 ,不仅可以提高GPS整周模糊度的可靠性 ,而且能够大大改善GPS测量的精度。利用香港GPS基准网 2 0 0 1年 3月的实测数据进行了解算 ,发现香港地区在该时间段内受强电离层活动的影响 ,采用常规GPS测量方法很难确定整周模糊度。利用传统的快速静态定位方法对香港GPS基准网其中一条边 ( 9.2km) 2 4h的观测数据按每 1 5min计算 ,模糊度确定的准确率仅为4 5 %。采用基准网内插改正数后 ,仅利用L1的观测数据模糊度确定的准确率提高到 1 0 0 %。点位精度平面位置由 2cm提高到 5mm ,高程精度由 4cm提高到 3cm。 Using data from Hong Kong GPS active network, we found that there was a strong ionospheric activity in Hong Kong in March 2001 and it is difficult to resolve GPS ambiguity by conventional positioning method in most of the daytime. In this paper a data process strategy for GPS rapid static and real time kinematic positioning using GPS reference network has been presented. Using this method, we can generate network correction of either DD ionospheric delay or DD residual using the reference network. After applying these corrections to a user, both the positioning accuracy and the success rate for ambiguity resolution have been significantly improved.