Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
http://hdl.handle.net/10397/6995
Title: | Characterization and source apportionment of atmospheric organic and elemental carbon during fall and winter of 2003 in Xi'an, China | Authors: | Cao, JJ Wu, F Chow, JC Lee, SC Li, Y Chen, SW An, ZS Fung, KK Watson, JG Zhu, CS Liu, SX |
Issue Date: | 22-Nov-2005 | Source: | Atmospheric chemistry and physics, 22 Nov. 2005, v. 5, no. 11, p. 3127-3137 | Abstract: | Continuous measurements of atmospheric organic and elemental carbon (OC and EC) were taken during the high-pollution fall and winter seasons at Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China from September 2003 through February 2004. Battery-powered mini-volume samplers collected PM ₂̦₅ samples daily and PM ₁₀ samples every third day. Samples were also obtained from the plumes of residential coal combustion, motor-vehicle exhaust, and biomass burning sources. These samples were analyzed for OC/EC by thermal/optical reflectance (TOR) following the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) protocol. OC and EC levels at Xi'an are higher than most urban cities in Asia. Average PM ₂̦₅ OC concentrations in fall and winter were 34.1±18.0 μg m ⁻³ and 61.9±;33.2 μg m ⁻³, respectively; while EC concentrations were 11.3±6.9 μg m ⁻³ and 12.3±5.3 μg m ⁻³, respectively. Most of the OC and EC were in the PM₂̦₅ fraction. OC was strongly correlated (R>0.95) with EC in the autumn and moderately correlated (R=0.81) with EC during winter. Carbonaceous aerosol (OC×1.6+EC) accounted for 48.8%±10.1% of the PM₂̦₅ mass during fall and 45.9±7.5% during winter. The average OC/EC ratio was 3.3 in fall and 5.1 in winter, with individual OC/EC ratios nearly always exceeding 2.0. The higher wintertime OC/EC corresponded to increased residential coal combustion for heating. Total carbon (TC) was associated with source contributions using absolute principal component analysis (APCA) with eight thermally-derived carbon fractions. During fall, 73% of TC was attributed to gasoline engine exhaust, 23% to diesel exhaust, and 4% to biomass burning. During winter, 44% of TC was attributed to gasoline engine exhaust, 44% to coal burning, 9% to biomass burning, and 3% to diesel engine exhaust. | Keywords: | Air sampling Atmospheric pollution Organic carbon Particulate matter Pollutant source |
Publisher: | Copernicus GmbH | Journal: | Atmospheric chemistry and physics | ISSN: | 1680-7316 | EISSN: | 1680-7324 | DOI: | 10.5194/acp-5-3127-2005 | Rights: | © 2005 Author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons License. |
Appears in Collections: | Journal/Magazine Article |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cao_characterization_source_apportionment.pdf | 611.46 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
Page views
155
Last Week
1
1
Last month
Citations as of Apr 14, 2024
Downloads
163
Citations as of Apr 14, 2024
SCOPUSTM
Citations
612
Last Week
0
0
Last month
7
7
Citations as of Apr 19, 2024
WEB OF SCIENCETM
Citations
510
Last Week
1
1
Last month
4
4
Citations as of Apr 18, 2024
Google ScholarTM
Check
Altmetric
Items in DSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.