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Title: | Neural correlates of fine-grained meaning distinctions : an fMRI investigation of scalar quantifiers | Authors: | Zhan, JY Jiang, XM Politzer-Ahles, S Zhou, XL |
Issue Date: | Aug-2017 | Source: | Human brain mapping, Aug. 2017, v. 38, no. 8, p. 3848-3864 | Abstract: | Communication involves successfully deriving a speaker's meaning beyond the literal expression. Using fMRI, it was investigated how the listener's brain realizes distinctions between enrichment-based meanings and literal semantic meanings. The neural patterns of the Mandarin scalar quantifier you-de (similar to some in English) which implies the meanings not all and not most via scalar enrichment, with the specific quantifier shao-shu-de (similar to less than half in English) which lexico-semantically encodes the meanings not all and not most, were compared. Listeners heard sentences using either quantifier, paired with pictures in which either less than half, more than half, or all of the people depicted in the picture were doing the described activity; thus, the conditions included both implicature-based and semantics-based picture-sentence mismatches. Imaging results showed bilateral ventral IFG was activated for both kinds of mismatch, whereas basal ganglia and left dorsal IFG were activated uniquely for implicature-based mismatch. These findings suggest that resolving conflicts involving inferential aspects of meaning employs different neural mechanisms than the processing based on literal semantic meaning, and that the dorsal prefrontal/basal ganglia pathway makes a contribution to implicature-based interpretation. Furthermore, within the implicature-based conditions, different neural generators were implicated in the processing of strong implicature mismatch (you-de in the context of a picture in which “all” would have been true) and weak implicature mismatch (you-de in the context of a picture in which “most” would have been true), which may have important implications for theories of pragmatic comprehension. | Keywords: | Scalar implicature Pragmatics Semantics Picture-sentence verification fMRI |
Publisher: | John Wiley & Sons | Journal: | Human brain mapping | ISSN: | 1065-9471 | DOI: | 10.1002/hbm.23633 | Rights: | © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Zhan, J., Jiang, X., Politzer-Ahles, S. and Zhou, X. (2017), Neural correlates of fine-grained meaning distinctions: An fMRI investigation of scalar quantifiers. Hum. Brain Mapp., 38: 3848-3864, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.23633. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. This article may not be enhanced, enriched or otherwise transformed into a derivative work, without express permission from Wiley or by statutory rights under applicable legislation. Copyright notices must not be removed, obscured or modified. The article must be linked to Wiley’s version of record on Wiley Online Library and any embedding, framing or otherwise making available the article or pages thereof by third parties from platforms, services and websites other than Wiley Online Library must be prohibited. |
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