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Title: Enhanced transdermal permeability via constructing the porous structure of poloxamer-based hydrogel
Authors: Wang, W 
Hui, CL 
Wat, E
Ng, SF 
Kan, CW 
Lau, CBS
Leung, PC
Issue Date: 2016
Source: Polymers, Nov. 2016, v. 8, no. 11, 406, 1-12
Abstract: A major concern for transdermal drug delivery systems is the low bioavailability of targeted drugs primarily caused by the skin's barrier function. The resistance to the carrier matrix for the diffusion and transport of drugs, however, is routinely ignored. This study reports a promising and attractive approach to reducing the resistance to drug transport in the carrier matrix, to enhance drug permeability and bioavailability via enhanced concentration-gradient of the driving force for transdermal purposes. This approach simply optimizes and reconstructs the porous channel structure of the carrier matrix, namely, poloxamer 407 (P407)-based hydrogel matrix blended with carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMCs). Addition of CMCs was found to distinctly improve the porous structure of the P407 matrix. The pore size approximated to normal distribution as CMCs were added and the fraction of pore number was increased by over tenfold. Transdermal studies showed that P407/CMCs saw a significant increase in drug permeability across the skin. This suggests that P407/CMC with improved porous structure exhibits a feasible and promising way for the development of transdermal therapy with high permeability and bioavailability, thereby avoiding or reducing use of any chemical enhancers.
Keywords: Enhanced permeability
Hydrogel matrix
Porous structure
Transdermal drug delivery
Publisher: Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
Journal: Polymers (Switzerland) 
EISSN: 2073-4360
DOI: 10.3390/polym8110406
Rights: © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
The following publication is Wang, W.-Y.; Hui, P.C.L.; Wat, E.; Ng, F.S.F.; Kan, C.-W.; Lau, C.B.S.; Leung, P.-C. Enhanced Transdermal Permeability via Constructing the Porous Structure of Poloxamer-Based Hydrogel. Polymers 2016, 8, 406, 1-12, available at https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym8110406
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