限制性定语和描写性定语

Abstract

国内文献中通常将汉语的定语分为限制性的和描写性的两种; 国外文献中关于汉语定语的讨论, 则常常借用限制性和非限制性这一对概念。从句法语义功能的角度来分析, 汉语的各种定中结构都表示事物的集合, 中心语表示一个集合, 整个定中结构表示其中的一个子集, 所有定语因此都是限制性的。描写性定语的定义不清, 这一概念在句法分析中没有实际意义。 It is a common assumption in the literature on Chinese syntax that Chinese attributives could be classified into restrictive vs. descriptive ones,restrictive vs. non-restrictive ones,or appositive vs. restrictive ones. It is argued in this paper that a nominal compound or a complex nominal phrase in Chinese always denotes a subset of the set represented by the head nominal. The attributive in Chinese is always restrictive.