A translation and validation study of the traditional Chinese version of RU-SATED scale in Chinese Hong Kong residents

Abstract

Objective: The Regularity, Satisfaction, Alertness, Timing, Efficiency, and Duration (RU-SATED) version 4.0 is a 6-item tool designed to evaluate sleep health. This study examined the psychometric properties of the traditional Chinese version of RU-SATED (RU-SATED-TC) scale. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on December 9, 2023 for 4 weeks. Participants were recruited via a Facebook page to complete an online questionnaire assessing sleep, mental, and physical health. The RU-SATED-TC uses a 5-point Likert scale, with a total score range from 0-24. The psychometric properties of the RU-SATED-TC, including internal consistency, concurrent validity, 1-week test-retest reliability, and factor analysis, were evaluated. Results: A total of 1043 participants (67.3% female, 55.9% aged 18-39) completed the survey. The average RU-SATED-TC scale score was 12.24 (SD = 3.53). Confirmatory factor analyses showed an acceptable model fit (CFI = 0.94, TLI = 0.89, RMSEA = 0.09, and SRMR = 0.04), supporting a two-factor structure of “consistency and effectiveness” and “timing.” “Efficiency” did not load on any factors. The Cronbach's alpha was 0.608, with corrected item-total correlations ranged from 0.099-0.530. The “timing” item showed the weakest item-total and concurrent correlations with other sleep outcome measures. The 1-week test-retest reliability was good to excellent (ICCs ranging from 0.605-0.843), except for item 4 (efficiency), which had fair reliability (ICC = 0.464). Conclusion: The RU-SATED-TC scale appears to be a reliable valid tool for measuring sleep health in Chinese Hong Kong residents. Nevertheless, future research may be needed to refine the “timing” item.