Effects of splicing on some mechanical properties of short staple cotton ring spun yarn

Abstract

Pneumatic splicing is one of the most important splicing methods adopted in the textile industry. However, most of the research works that have been done are mainly focused on the tensile properties of the splices. Seldom have the researchers put their concern on other physical properties of the splices. In order to study/investigate the actual performance of the spliced yarn properties apart from the tensile properties, research work is therefore done to study the tensile, bending, appearance and abrasion properties of the yarns spliced under different splicing conditions. In order to provide for the industry to have a clear concept on the overall properties of the spliced yarn, excluding the single spliced yarn property, both the regression and neural network models have been set up to demonstrate the overall performance of the tested splicing yarn properties by combining the results obtained from each of the spliced yarn performance tests. The mechanism of pneumatic splicing is also studied by using a high-speed camera and a regular camera to capture/record the splicing process with the help of the transparent splicing chamber specially designed for the research work. With the help of the captured movie/photographs, the mechanism of the pneumatic splicing is therefore presented to the public for the first time. According to the experimental data obtained and the help of regression analysis and Neural Network analysis, the most important factors that affect the spliced yarn properties are "Yarn Linear Density - Tex" and "Ends retraction - L". According to the photos obtained from Scanning Electron Microscopy, the physical properties of a spliced yarn are mainly depending on the fiber arrangement of the joint during and after splicing. The higher the degree of fiber intermingling and entanglement, the better the tensile and abrasion properties of the yarn but the lower the bending property. As a result, in order to obtain a spliced yarn with a good quality in all the physical properties, the time, volume, rotary angle and speed of the compressed air inside the splicing chamber must be carefully monitored.