Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10397/81785
PIRA download icon_1.1View/Download Full Text
Title: Investigation the EMG activities of lower limb muscles when doing squatting exercise in water and on land
Authors: Yuen, CHN 
Lam, CPY 
Tong, KCT 
Yeung, JCY 
Yip, CHY 
So, BCL 
Issue Date: 2-Nov-2019
Source: International journal of environmental research and public health, 2 Nov. 2019, v. 16, no. 22, 4562, p. 1-11
Abstract: (1) Background: Squatting is one of the common closed-kinetic chain (CKC) exercises for knee rehabilitation. Some patients cannot perform squatting exercises on land occasionally due to knee pain. Several studies had suggested that lower limb muscle activities are lower in water than on land while performing CKC exercises. The purpose of this study is to investigate the surface electromyography (sEMG) activities of Rectus femoris (RF) and Biceps femoris (BF) muscles when doing a squatting exercise in water and on land. (2) Methods: This was a cross-sectional experimental study. A total of 20 healthy participants (10 males, 10 females) were recruited by convenience sampling. The sEMG of RF and BF muscles in water and on land were collected and the knee motions were videotaped. Participants were instructed to perform closed kinetic-chain back squatting exercises at a specific speed (30 beats per minute) in water and on land at angular speed of 45 degrees/s. Eight repetitions of the squatting exercise (0-90 degrees knee flexion) were performed. The mean percentage maximal voluntary contraction (%MVC) between two muscles was compared in two conditions. The %MVC of RF and BF muscles at different specific knee flexion angles (30 degrees, 60 degrees and 90 degrees knee flexion) was also identified. (3) Result: Muscle activities of RF (p = 0.01) and BF (p < 0.01) muscles were significantly lower in water than on land. The %MVC of RF and BF muscles was found to be 15.01% and 10.68% lower in water than on land respectively. For different knee angle phases, the differences in %MVC between land and water had significant difference for both RF muscles and BF muscles. (4) Conclusion: This study found a difference of mean percentage MVC of RF and BF muscles between land and water in different phases of squatting. The water medium reduced the two muscles' activities to a similar extent. The result showed that the aquatic environment allows an individual to perform squatting with less muscle activation which may serve as an alternative knee exercise option for patients who encounter difficulty in land squatting due to lower limb muscle weakness or a high level of knee pain.
Keywords: Aquatic exercise
Closed-kinetic chain
Knee exercise
Motion analysis
Muscle activity
Publisher: Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
Journal: International journal of environmental research and public health 
ISSN: 1661-7827
EISSN: 1660-4601
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16224562
Rights: © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
The following publication Yuen, C.H.; Lam, C.P.; Tong, K.C.; Yeung, J.C.; Yip, C.H.; So, B.C. Investigation the EMG Activities of Lower Limb Muscles When Doing Squatting Exercise in Water and on Land. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 4562, 1-11 is available at https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224562
Appears in Collections:Journal/Magazine Article

Files in This Item:
File Description SizeFormat 
Yuen_EMG_Activities_Lower.pdf2.63 MBAdobe PDFView/Open
Open Access Information
Status open access
File Version Version of Record
Access
View full-text via PolyU eLinks SFX Query
Show full item record

Page views

108
Last Week
1
Last month
Citations as of Mar 24, 2024

Downloads

86
Citations as of Mar 24, 2024

SCOPUSTM   
Citations

9
Citations as of Mar 28, 2024

WEB OF SCIENCETM
Citations

6
Last Week
0
Last month
Citations as of Mar 28, 2024

Google ScholarTM

Check

Altmetric


Items in DSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.