Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10397/89466
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dc.contributorDepartment of Chinese and Bilingual Studiesen_US
dc.creatorAoyama, Ren_US
dc.date.accessioned2021-04-08T06:08:49Z-
dc.date.available2021-04-08T06:08:49Z-
dc.identifier.issn2589-4641en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10397/89466-
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherBrillen_US
dc.rights© KONINKLIJKE BRILL NV, LEIDEN, 2020en_US
dc.subjectChinaen_US
dc.subjectJapanen_US
dc.subjectBrushtalken_US
dc.subjectMid-19th centuryen_US
dc.subjectSinographic East Asiaen_US
dc.titleWriting-mediated interaction face-to-face : Sinitic brushtalk in the Japanese missions’ transnational encounters with foreigners during the mid-nineteenth centuryen_US
dc.typeJournal/Magazine Articleen_US
dc.identifier.spage234en_US
dc.identifier.epage269en_US
dc.identifier.volume2en_US
dc.identifier.issue2en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1163/2589465X-02020003en_US
dcterms.abstractDrawing on Chinese-Japanese transnational and transcultural interaction in the mid-nineteenth century, this article illustrates how Sinitic brushtalk functioned as an effective modality of communication between Chinese and Japanese literati who did not have a shared spoken language. The illustrations are adapted from personal diary-like travelogues of Japanese travelers to Shanghai on board the Senzaimaru in 1862 and participants in the Japanese mission to the United States in 1860. The recollection of the brushtalkers with their Chinese interlocutors whom they met on the way, including those during their return journey from the US while calling at trading ports like Batavia and Hong Kong, provides elaborate details on how writing-mediated improvisation using brush, ink, and paper allowed Japanese travelers with literacy in Sinitic to engage in “silent conversation” with their literate Chinese counterparts. A third historical context where Sinitic brushtalk was put to meaningful use was US–Japanese negotiations during Commodore Perry’s naval expedition to Edo Bay in 1854, where Luo Sen, bilingual in Chinese (spoken Cantonese) and English, was hired to perform the role of secretary. Throughout the negotiations, Luo was able to perform his duties admirably in part by impressing the Japanese side with his fine brushtalk improvisations. While misunderstanding and miscommunication could not be entirely avoided, the article concludes that until the early 1900s writing-mediated interaction through Sinitic brushtalk in face-to-face encounters functioned adequately and effectively as a scripta franca between literate Japanese and their Chinese “silent conversation” partners both within and beyond Sinographic East Asia. Such a unique modality of communication remained vibrant until the advent of nationalism and the vernacularization of East Asian national languages at the turn of the century.en_US
dcterms.accessRightsopen accessen_US
dcterms.bibliographicCitationChina and Asia: a journal in historical studies (CAHS), Feb. 2021, v. 2, no. 2, p. 234-269en_US
dcterms.isPartOfChina and Asia : a journal in historical studies (CAHS)en_US
dcterms.issued2021-02-
dc.identifier.eissn2589-465Xen_US
dc.description.validate202104 bcrcen_US
dc.description.oaAccepted Manuscripten_US
dc.identifier.FolderNumbera0498-n01-
dc.description.pubStatusPublisheden_US
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