Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10397/80786
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dc.contributorDepartment of Health Technology and Informatics-
dc.contributorSchool of Nursing-
dc.creatorSuen, LKP-
dc.creatorSiu, GKH-
dc.creatorGuo, YP-
dc.creatorYeung, SKW-
dc.creatorLo, KYK-
dc.creatorO'Donoghue, M-
dc.date.accessioned2019-05-28T01:09:22Z-
dc.date.available2019-05-28T01:09:22Z-
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10397/80786-
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherBioMed Centralen_US
dc.rights© The Author(s). 2019 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver(http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.en_US
dc.rightsThe following publication Suen, L. K. P., Siu, G. K. H., Guo, Y. P., Yeung, S. K. W., Lo, K. Y. K., & O’Donoghue, M. (2019). The public washroom-friend or foe? An observational study of washroom cleanliness combined with microbiological investigation of hand hygiene facilities. Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control, 8, 47, 1-6 is available at https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13756-019-0500-zen_US
dc.subjectWashroomen_US
dc.subjectEnvironmental microbiologyen_US
dc.subjectMALDI-TOF MSen_US
dc.subjectHand hygieneen_US
dc.subjectAntimicrobialen_US
dc.subjectBacteriaen_US
dc.subjectMicroorganismsen_US
dc.subjectPublic healthen_US
dc.subjectToileten_US
dc.subjectHand dryingen_US
dc.titleThe public washroom - friend or foe? An observational study of washroom cleanliness combined with microbiological investigation of hand hygiene facilitiesen_US
dc.typeJournal/Magazine Articleen_US
dc.identifier.spage1en_US
dc.identifier.epage6en_US
dc.identifier.volume8en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/s13756-019-0500-zen_US
dcterms.abstractBackground: Many people use handwashing and hand-drying facilities in public washrooms under the impression that these amenities are hygienic. However, such facilities may be potential sites for the transmission of pathogenic bacteria. This study aimed to examine the hygiene facilities provided including handwashing and hand-drying facilities in public washrooms. Total bacterial counts and species identification were determined for hand-drying facilities. Antimicrobial susceptibilities were performed.-
dcterms.abstractMethods: The high and middle-income categories washrooms generally had cleaner facilities and environment followed by those in low categories. Fifty-two bacterial species were identified from the 55 investigated washrooms. Over 97% of the pathogenic Staphylococcus spp. tested were resistant to at least one first-line antimicrobial therapeutic agent, including penicillin, cefoxitin, erythromycin, co-trimoxazole, clindamycin and gentamicin, and 22.6% demonstrated co-resistance to at least three antimicrobial agents, with co-resistance to penicillin, erythromycin and clindamycin being the most common.-
dcterms.abstractResults: The high and middle-income categories washrooms generally had cleaner facilities and environment followed by those in low categories. Fifty-two bacterial species were identified from the 55 investigated washrooms. Over 97% of the pathogenic Staphylococcus spp. tested were resistant to at least one first-line antimicrobial therapeutic agent, including penicillin, cefoxitin, erythromycin, co-trimoxazole, clindamycin and gentamicin, and 22.6% demonstrated co-resistance to at least three antimicrobial agents, with co-resistance to penicillin, erythromycin and clindamycin being the most common.-
dcterms.abstractConclusion: Our findings suggest that hand-drying facilities in public washrooms can act as reservoirs of drug-resistant bacteria. The importance of frequent cleaning and maintenance of public washrooms to promote safe hand hygiene practices for the public are emphasised.-
dcterms.accessRightsopen accessen_US
dcterms.bibliographicCitationAntimicrobial resistance and infection control, 28 Feb. 2019, v. 8, 47, p. 1-6-
dcterms.isPartOfAntimicrobial resistance and infection control-
dcterms.issued2019-02-28-
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000460212300001-
dc.identifier.pmid30867901-
dc.identifier.ros2018000072-
dc.identifier.eissn2047-2994en_US
dc.identifier.artn47en_US
dc.description.validate201905 bcrcen_US
dc.description.oaVersion of Recorden_US
dc.identifier.FolderNumbera0307-n08en_US
dc.description.pubStatusPublisheden_US
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