Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
http://hdl.handle.net/10397/80640
Title: | Evaluation of design flow rate ofwater supply systems with low flow showering appliances | Authors: | Zhou, Y Mui, KW Wong, LT |
Issue Date: | 2019 | Source: | Water, 2019, v. 11, no. 1, 100 | Abstract: | The installation of water efficient appliances is an efficient demand-side water management measure favored by policymakers and water providers nowadays. The adoption of low flow showerheads in large and complex plumbing systems will not only contribute to a great reduction of shower water use in the whole water system, but also further influence the water supply system design. Hence, it is necessary to justify the redesign of existing water supply systems (such as the pipe size, storage tank volume, pumping arrangement etc.) in terms of the use of low flow showerheads. This study uses Monte Carlo simulations to evaluate the design flow rate for a typical high-rise roof tank water supply system in Hong Kong with the installation of low flow showerheads. The simulation results indicate that a full installation of low flow showerheads can decrease the design flow rate by 15%, corresponding to an energy efficiency improvement of 1.5%. The potential for water savings and associated energy savings can be significantly higher when all installed appliances in homes are water efficient (e.g., showerheads, water taps, washing machines). Further work is required to evaluate the redesign of existing water supply systems for a sustainable future. | Keywords: | Design flow rate Energy efficiency Low flow showering Monte Carlo simulation Water supply system |
Publisher: | Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI) | Journal: | Water | ISSN: | 2073-4441 | DOI: | 10.3390/w11010100 | Rights: | © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The following publication Zhou Y, Mui K-W, Wong L-T. Evaluation of Design Flow Rate of Water Supply Systems with Low Flow Showering Appliances. Water. 2019; 11(1):100 is available at https://doi.org/10.3390/w11010100 |
Appears in Collections: | Journal/Magazine Article |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Zhou_Evaluation_design_flow.pdf | 16.39 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
Page views
105
Last Week
2
2
Last month
Citations as of Mar 24, 2024
Downloads
99
Citations as of Mar 24, 2024
SCOPUSTM
Citations
5
Citations as of Mar 28, 2024
WEB OF SCIENCETM
Citations
3
Citations as of Mar 28, 2024
Google ScholarTM
Check
Altmetric
Items in DSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.