基于多层协作机制的人员疏散模拟研究

Abstract

为加强疏散模拟的真实性,在充分研究疏散复杂性的基础上,提出了基于多层协作机制的疏散模拟方案。分别采用智能体模型、地理信息系统模型和元胞自动机模型对人员描述层、建筑环境层与驱动转换层等功能层次进行了构建。各层次在实现自身功能的同时交互协作,达到整体功能的优化。模型较好地反映了建筑布局特征与人员疏散行为特征,实现了元胞状态的动态描述与记录,具有多层协作机制良好的扩展性。模拟结果与实测值和经验公式值相比较,符合较好。 The authenticity of evacuation simulations is improved by using multilevel collaboration mechanism based on research of evacuation complexities.An agent model is used for the occupant description,a geographical information system model is used for the architectural environment,and a cellular automata model is used for the drive and conversion.The levels collaborate to optimize system functionality.The evacuation model has good expansibility of the multi-level collaboration mechanism,fully reflects the characteristics of the architectural plan and the human evacuation behavior,and is able to represent and record real-time states for all cells.The simulation results agree well with experimental data and empirically estimated values.