Survey on operating reserve procurement and pricing in deregulated electricity market environment

Abstract

运行备用在维持电力系统的安全可靠性、提高系统运行质量、缓解高峰负荷电价等方面具有举足轻重的作用.运行备用的主要获取和定价方法包括:备用成本评估与分配方法、基于优化调度算法的定价策略、利用机制设计揭示价格的方法等.运行备用容量的需求研究、机会成本和事故停运成本的评估和分析、运行备用市场与能量市场的协调等问题有待于进一步研究. Operating reserve is one of the main ancillary services (AS). It plays an important role in maintaining power system reliability while economically efficient transactions are accommodated in an open electricity market.This paper reviews a series of operating reserve pricing mechanisms under the competitive electricity market environment. The characteristics, pros and cons of procuring and pricing mechanisms based on (i) assessment and allocation of reserve costs, (ii) extension of optimal dispatch, (iii) mechanism design and (iv) balance between economic efficiency and the reliability requirement are investigated. Lastly, the common understanding and the direction of future research on operating reserve in the deregulated electricity market environment, such as requirement determination of operating reserve, evaluation and analysis of opportunity cost and outage cost, coordination of dispatch & schedule in energy and operating reserve markets, and so on are discussed.