动词的“指称”功能和“陈述”功能

Abstract

本文讨论动词性成分充当主语或宾语时的句法地位,出发点是朱德熙先生关于动词的指称功能和陈述功能的论述。动词性成分在充当主语或宾语时的句法特性并非完全统一,所以朱先生的两分法是正确的。不过,指称和陈述在理论上不构成对立,用来描述这类动词性成分的功能在操作上有困难,建议以名词化和名物化来描述。 The main goal of this paper is to investigate the syntactic properties of verbal elements that function as the subject or object in a clause, and the discussion is based on Zhu Dexi's (1982) idea of referential and asserting properties of verbal elements. It is explained that Zhu is correct in saying that when verbal elements function as the subject or object, they do not have the same syntactic status. It is also argued that reference and assertion do not contrast at the same level of grammatical representation and therefore are not the proper tools to differentiate verbal elements in the same structural position. It is suggested that verb nominalization is the appropriate way to describe a verb in the head position of a nominal phrase while the nominalization of verb phrase is the appropriate way to describe a verb phrase in the subject or the object position.