无定代词与独立 "的" 字结构

Abstract

无定代词在很多语言里都能找到, 本文主张汉语也有类似的成分, 但以零形式出现。本文考察表面上不依赖任何名词性成分的独立 “的” 字结构, 指出独立 “的”字结构本身并没有所指, 而是依赖上文的名词性成分或者语境中的事物提供所指; “的” 字结构能否独立, 不但同 “的” 前成分的结构相关, 而且还同独立后能否顺利取得所指有关。本文部分采用朱德熙( 1966) 的分析, 主张独立 "的" 字结构所修饰的是无定代词, 其句法表现可以由此得到解释。 This paper argues that indefinite pronouns,which are found in many languages,also exit in Chinese,even though often as zero forms.The Chinese DE construction usually functions as a nominal modifier or an appositive phrase,but it can also stand alone with the function similar to a nominal phrase.The independent DE construction actually has no referent of its own and depends on the context for reference.Whether a DE construction can function alone depends on its internal structure as well as the way it gets its reference. It is proposed in this paper that the so called independent DE construction is actually modifying an indefinite pronoun.